Civil Structural engineering

Structural engineering is concerned with the structural
design and structural analysis of buildings, bridges, towers, flyovers
(overpasses), tunnels, off shore structures like oil and gas fields in the sea,
aerostructure and other structures. This involves identifying the loads which
act upon a structure and the forces and stresses which arise within that
structure due to those loads, and then designing the structure to successfully
support and resist those loads. The loads can be self weight of the structures,
other dead load, live loads, moving (wheel) load, wind load, earthquake load,
load from temperature change etc. The structural engineer must design
structures to be safe for their users and to successfully fulfill the function
they are designed for (to be serviceable). Due to the nature of some loading
conditions, sub-disciplines within structural engineering have emerged,
including wind engineering and earthquake engineering.
Design considerations will include strength, stiffness, and
stability of the structure when subjected to loads which may be static, such as
furniture or self-weight, or dynamic, such as wind, seismic, crowd or vehicle
loads, or transitory, such as temporary construction loads or impact. Other
considerations include cost, constructability, safety, aesthetics and
sustainability
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