Transportation engineering
Transportation engineering is concerned with moving people
and goods efficiently, safely, and in a manner conducive to a vibrant
community. This involves specifying, designing, constructing, and maintaining
transportation infrastructure which includes streets, canals, highways, rail
systems, airports, ports, and mass transit. It includes areas such as
transportation design, transportation planning, traffic engineering, some
aspects of urban engineering, queueing theory, pavement engineering,
Intelligent Transportation System (ITS), and infrastructure management.
Municipal
or urban engineering
Municipal engineering is concerned with municipal
infrastructure. This involves specifying, designing, constructing, and
maintaining streets, sidewalks, water supply networks, sewers, street lighting,
municipal solid waste management and disposal, storage depots for various bulk
materials used for maintenance and public works (salt, sand, etc.), public
parks and cycling infrastructure. In the case of underground utility networks,
it may also include the civil portion (conduits and access chambers) of the
local distribution networks of electrical and telecommunications services. It
can also include the optimizing of waste collection and bus service networks.
Some of these disciplines overlap with other civil engineering specialties,
however municipal engineering focuses on the coordination of these
infrastructure networks and services, as they are often built simultaneously,
and managed by the same municipal authority. Municipal engineers may also
design the site civil works for large buildings, industrial plants or campuses
(i.e. access roads, parking lots, potable water supply, treatment or
pretreatment of waste water, site drainage, etc.)
Water
resources engineering
Water resources engineering is concerned with the collection
and management of water (as a natural resource). As a discipline it therefore
combines elements of hydrology, environmental science, meteorology,
conservation, and resource management. This area of civil engineering relates
to the prediction and management of both the quality and the quantity of water
in both underground (aquifers) and above ground (lakes, rivers, and streams)
resources. Water resource engineers analyze and model very small to very large
areas of the earth to predict the amount and content of water as it flows into,
through, or out of a facility. Although the actual design of the facility may
be left to other engineers.
Hydraulic engineering is concerned with the flow and
conveyance of fluids, principally water. This area of civil engineering is
intimately related to the design of pipelines, water supply network, drainage
facilities (including bridges, dams, channels, culverts, levees, storm sewers),
and canals. Hydraulic engineers design these facilities using the concepts of
fluid pressure, fluid statics, fluid dynamics, and hydraulics, among others.
Civil engineering associations
American Society of Civil Engineers
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Chartered Institution of Civil Engineering Surveyors
Earthquake Engineering Research Institute
Engineers Australia
European Federation of National Engineering Associations
International Federation of Consulting Engineers
Indian Geotechnical Society
Institution of Civil Engineers
Institute of Engineering (Nepal)
International Society of Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical
Engineering (ISSMGE)
Institution of Engineers, Bangladesh
Institution of Engineers (India)
Institution of Engineers of Ireland
Institute of Transportation Engineers
Pakistan Engineering Council
Philippine Institute of Civil Engineers
Transportation Research Board
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